Causes, symptoms, methods of treatment and prevention of osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is a serious spinal disease, as it can cause severe discomfort and cause various complications.For this reason, it needs to be treated in a timely manner.This can be done at home with the help of medicines, folk medicine, physical education and physiotherapy procedures.All medical measures must be approved by a specialist, if there is no risk of complications.

What is osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is a degenerative spinal disease -Dystrophic (DDZP), leading to violations of the vertebral structure and intervertebral disc.This creates a decrease in their elasticity and change in form.Therefore, the interval between the vertebrae is significantly reduced and the spinal instability is observed in this place.

With the destruction of tissue pathology, pinching the nerve endings derived from the spinal cord, leading to persistent tension from the spinal muscles.Against this background, pain and other characteristics symptoms occur.Clinical signs can vary depending on segments that have suffered degenerative disorders.The following departments are distinguished by spinal chondrosis:

• cervix;
• thoracic;
• lumbar.

If the pathological process affects several segments, then the osteochondrosis is polysegent.Normal disorders have complicated symptoms and are more difficult to diagnose, as the area near and away from each other can be affected.For example, cervical and lumbar-cross osteochondrosis.

Level of osteochondrosis

There are 4 stages of osteochondrosis:

1. First.It is characterized by early interruption in the intervertebral disc area.Usually at this stage cartilage, the surrounding vertebra, covered with cracks.As a result, the reduction of the lumen between the disc begins.
2. The second.The fibrous rings covered with cracks are very narrowing that the ligaments and spinal muscles begin to touch and rub each other.At this stage, one may show the first painful syndrome.The second stage leads to the formation of vertebral instability.
3. The third.Cartilagin placement between the disc occurs.Depression is detected during radiography, and symptoms are intense, intense.At this stage, the pain syndrome can be removed only by using strong drugs.
4. Fourth.It is characterized by excess vertebral instability, as bone growth is formed on them - osteophytes.They injure the nerve roots.Usually at this stage the symptoms are quite a bit, but they are indicated seasonally (peaks -severity occurs in the fall and spring).

Cause

Osteochondrosis can develop with the background of the body hypothermia, a sharp turn that causes vertebral displacement, physical energy.Expert opinions focus that the main cause of the degenerative process in the spine is an inappropriate distribution of load on the spinal column.

In addition, there are many factors that lead to this:

• back muscle weakness;
• slouch;
• changes in pregnancy;
• spinal curvature;
• heavy lifting;
• active sports classes and power;
• is in an uncomfortable position for a long time;
• Sitting in a lifestyle.

Also, osteochondrosis can be provoked for other reasons:

• violations of metabolic processes (zinc deficiency, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and other useful trace elements);
• body drunkenness with chemicals;
• genetic tendency;
• as a result of infectious diseases;
• fall, bruises;
• hormone violations;
• nerve shock;
• Change the elasticity of the nucleus.

The deviation in the development of spinal columns can cause degenerative and dystrophic changes.There are provocative factors such as abnormal ossification to children's frameworks, inadequate physical activity, and rapid growth.In this case, osteochondrosis is called young, or juvenile.

If it is not possible to establish the cause and time of the incident (at what age the degenerative process -dystrophic has developed - in adolescence or adult) the disease, then it is called unspecified.

Symptom

Osteochondrosis can cause a variety of symptoms, as each spinal segment is responsible for the provision of nerve endings to different organs and systems.

All manifestations are divided into 4 groups:

1. Statistical symptoms are associated with a physiological violation of vertebrae.As a result, one changes posture, head mobility worsening, difficulties arise with spinal column straight.
2. Neurological features are formed against the background of damage to the nerve tissue.This leads to violations of skin sensitivity and decreased muscle contraction intensity in certain areas.If in the early stages of the pain syndrome showed itself locally, then during the disease, it began to affect the isolated area.Neurology includes manifestations such as numbness, tingling and goosebumps.With osteochondrosis, Lacega symptoms are distinguished, which differed in tension symptoms.It is associated with excessive tension of sciatic nerve fibers.It is caused by a violation of the spinal cord in the spine or gluteal/lumbar muscle cramps.
3. Vascular symptoms that may occur against the background of the blood artery.This is usually observed with cervical area osteochondrosis.In the case of affected blood flow in this area, lack of brain oxygen occurs, as a result of dizziness, nausea and changes in the sympathetic nervous system.The last is characterized by prolonged cramps and chronic ischemia in the internal organs.
4. Trophic symptoms are distinguished.They are a combination of vascular and neurological disorders that lead to skin defects and ulcers.

Treatment

To successfully cure osteochondrosis, it is necessary to conduct a detailed examination and create an accurate diagnosis.First, doctors conduct an external examination of the patient, the accumulation of the disease, after which they use laboratory and instrumental research methods.

There are 3 methods of therapy:

• medicine;
• Physiotherapeutic;
• Surgery.

Special diets, adherence to bed breaks and minimizing loads on vertebral columns are greater than the treatment of osteochondrosis.When resting, it is recommended to use a solid surface rather than a soft mattress.

At home, to treat the disease, you can use the first two methods.At the same time, it is advisable to combine them.To improve their actions, you can introduce folk methods into therapy.

However, self -medication is very unwanted.All steps and procedures must be approved by the specialist.In osteochondrosis therapy, certain rules must be observed in the use of certain methods.

Furthermore, if the provision of drug medical treatment does not produce the outcome and the disease takes place, then surgical treatment is prescribed.Surgical intervention is carried out to stabilize the spinal structure, removal of intervertebral hernia or disk completely.

Drug

Osteochondrosis drug treatment should be comprehensive, to have the goal of stopping pain and eliminating other symptoms.To do this, use a variety of drugs:

1. Not anti -steroid anti -inflammation.They are designed to eliminate inflammation and all kinds of pain.They also relieve tissue swelling.
2. Sedative. They are used to stop the pain syndrome, but do not affect the pathological process itself.
3. Muscle relaxants.They are used to relieve muscle cramps in the spine, as their pain is reduced.They act by blocking receptors in affected muscle fibers, resulting in the conductivity of the pulse in the spinal cord.The effects of these drugs are short-term, but currently muscle fibers successfully restore normal tones and use their own protective mechanisms from degenerative-dystrophic processes.
4. Vitamins of groups B, D, A, E, C, phosphorus -Contains and calcium -contains drugs.Vitamin-mineral complexes are required for the addition of substances in the body involved in the formation of bone and cartilage, metabolic processes.
5. Chondroprotectors.
6. Vasodilative medicine.

In the pathology of the musculoskeletal system, doctors recommend using chondroprotectors that have a cumulative effect and affect the human body after a certain period of time, helping to restore the intervertebral disc.The drug uses a long period of time, up to 2-3 months.In addition, chondroprotectors seriously load the liver and organs of the gastrointestinal tract, so they should be combined with probiotics.

Probiotics

All groups of drugs can be used in many forms.With severe pain, injections are commonly used for direct administration to spinal pathology areas.In such cases, the patient is prescribed injection with chondroprotectors and a prescribed novocaine blockade.Any way in the form of an injection to the affected vertebra should be given only by the attending physician, as this is a very difficult and dangerous procedure.Other types of pharmacological drugs are also not recommended uncontrollably.Dosage and treatment regimens should be determined by a specialist.

With less fear, ointment and gel can be used, but in this case there are certain restrictions.For example, local action heating agents should not be used during the course of the disease.The most popular remedies in the form of ointments, gels and creams for osteochondrosis include:

Exercise therapy

In the treatment of osteochondrosis, Physical Education (LFK) will be useful.Moderate physical activity can affect the musculoskeletal system.They stimulate the metabolic process, restore the mobility of the spinal column and strengthen the muscle corset.

Doctors should choose the methodology and diagrams of therapeutic gymnastics, as they can change depending on the spine subject to the pathological process.Therefore, it is advisable that the class takes place under the control of the expert.After mastering the program, physiotherapy training treatment can be continued at home.

For example, when diagnosing osteochondrosis of the cervical area, the following simple training is recommended:

1. Tilt your head forward and press in the forehead area with woven fingers.Patients need to prevent stress.The same training is then done, acting on the occipital, left and right temples.
2. Press on the forehead with four fingers, as if to stretch the skin, for 45 seconds.Action is done in different directions.This exercise is designed to restore blood circulation.
3. Sit on a chair or floor, keep your back straight and smooth your head.With your hands it is necessary to gently press over the chin up and down.Then make the left and right head.
4. Try to get a breast chin.In this position, you need to cross your hand behind the head and press on it.In depression, you have to linger for 1 minute, and then do shoulder movements, lift it, try to reach the ear.

Physiotherapy procedure

Drug treatment provides good results if you combine it with physiotherapy procedures.Electromagnetic therapy, electrophoresis, ultrasonic therapy, and others are useful for vertebral conditions.Some types of procedures can be performed at home if you buy the appropriate mobile device.Mineral waters and mud healing have a good effect.

In the absence of contraindications to massage, patients can be visited by manual therapists.In the treatment of osteochondrosis, reflexotherapy sessions can be used - effects on certain body points.At home, you can run yourself.There are several techniques that contribute to the elimination of pain and muscle tonic:

• Light wiping the vertebral area with one or with both hands;
• destroy the muscles with pinching or round motion, the tip of the finger that does not destroy;
• destroy the muscles with the palm of the hand;
• direct explanation of trapezoid muscles;
• longitudinal and squeeze coracious along the massage line;
• rubbing the gap between the ribs.

The recovery of the people

To get rid of pain, you can use the way according to folk recipes.The results of treatment with herbs and other natural composition will only appear with prolonged use.

Folk medicine is better than drugs, as long use can be harmful to the intestines, liver and pancreas.Therefore, it is advisable to use non -traditional drug methods after stopping acute pain syndrome with medicines.The methods presented must be gradually replaced by medications when doctors are recommended.

Some effective recipes can be noted:

1. Honey and potatoes.You need to take some potatoes, turn it on the grated, add the same amount of honey.The components should be carefully mixed, wear gauze and use them in compresses in painful areas.Application peace must be wrapped in a scarf and left in this position for 1 hour.
2. Horseradish.You should take 1 plant sheet and steam with boiling water.It must be handed over the inside to the painful area and attach it.This product should be installed safely and wrapped with a scarf.This procedure must be done at night, and remove the bandage - just the next day.
3. Hot bottle.It should take a plastic container, pour hot water into it, place on the sofa and lie on it with your back.It is advisable to try moving the bottle underneath.This procedure should be performed for 30 minutes.
4. Parsley.It should be eaten for 30 days daily 1 plant root.
5. Pain buds.The raw material should be collected in the spring.The length of the pine buds should be 2 cm.It needs to rinse them and dry them.The raw material must be soil and combined with sugar in a 2: 1 proportion, then mix well and put in the refrigerator.This product will be ready when it has a rich brown color.The mixture must be consumed for 1 teaspoon.a day for 3 weeks.

When using folk medicine, it is very careful to approach the procedure with the effect of heating.Such actions can help temporarily relieve pain and inflammation, but it can be harmful.During the hunting period of the disease, any heating is prohibited, as it causes vascular development, as a result swelling may occur.In situations like these, you should apply for treatment for a specialist.With osteochondrosis of the cervical area of any form, it is prohibited to heat the neck, as this can cause strong migraines.

Prevention

Everyone should take special steps aimed at preventing the development of osteochondrosis.The main measurement of prevention is to adhere to the correct posture during the movement and position of the seat.

It is advisable to engage in physical education, contributing to the strengthening of the musculoskeletal system and spinal column corset.

To sleep, you should choose a specially designed orthopedic mattress and pillow.Their advantage is that they allow you to repeat the physiological line of the spinal column.

The musculoskeletal system cannot be exposed to excess load.If necessary, lifting weights, you need to use the right technique.

Nutrition should be noted.The diet should be balanced, making sure the normal operation of the gastrointestinal tract.You cannot use large amounts of caffeine, chocolate and alcoholic beverages.Food should be rich in protein, calcium and useful trace elements.